Urology is the field of medicine that focuses on the urinary tracts of males and females, and on the reproductive system of males. The organs covered by urology include the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, and the male reproductive organs. The discipline combines management of medical (i.e., non-surgical) problems such as urinary infections, and surgical problems such as the correction of congenital abnormalities and the surgical management of cancers. Urologists are also involved in the assessment and treatment of incontinence. Other subfields of urology include urologic oncology, stone disease, voiding dysfunction, pediatric urology, sexual dysfunction and male infertility.